суббота, 23 февраля 2019 г.

Final topic 6 module

I strongly want no one to fall victim to such types of crimes like shoplifting, burglary, speeding, robbery, mugging, arson, pickpocketing  or vandalism. But when you are warned- you are armed, so  I have some examples and ideas to protect yourself from crimes.
         I  want to start with facts about Street art. These days, it is not only grannies who knit. In cities such as New York, London and Berlin, community art groups are busy graffiti knitting', creating colourful decorations for lampposts, parking meters, cars and statues. The craze was started by Magda Sayeg in the USA, when she decided to brighten up the steel and concrete landscape of Austin, Texas with her knitted creations. Now knitting needles are clicking worldwide.  So, next time you walk past a city statue, take a look - it might be wearing a scarf.
 Most people remember playing with Lego bricks as a child. It seems, though, that toy towns aren't the only things they are used to construct. Lego repair work' was created by German artist Jan Vormann. Jan spent three years travelling the world, fixing crumbling walls and monuments with Lego. Jan took his project to New York and together with a team of volunteers, constructed Lego repairs all over the city. Cracks in buildings soon disappeared and were replaced with bright Lego shapes.
Most big cities have their fair share of graffti, but, like it or not, one British graffiti artist is now considered to be a worldwide phenomenon. The true identity of Banksy is surrounded in mystery. Some of his most famous images include a young girl with a heart-shaped ballon and a dove of peace wearing a bulletproof vest Banksy's work has even been exhibited in art exhibitions. Some find Banksy's work offensive, while others think he is one of the most important artists today. 
Guerill
a gardeners plant flower gardens and vegetable patches on neglected land without permission. They believe it improves inner-city communities. The designs are made as artistic as possible. While some people see this as a way to bring new life to forgotten spaces, others point out that, pretty or not, it's still illegal.  One group of guerilla gardeners were busy on a rundown London street recently when an old lady called out her approval to them.
       Crime fighter's job is so hard. 26-year-old Ben Lagdon told some facts about Crime fighter's work. On the TV shows, investigators  end every work day with a dramatic arrest, but sometimes their cases aren't solved for months. Also, on CSI you see that everything is being10 done by one or two people. They go to the crime scene, do DNA analysis, then go and arrest the suspect. In reality, a lot of different specialised technicians, forensic scientists and detectives are involved in each case. There's no typical day because every case is different. A ski mask had been found after an armed robbery at a pizzeria, so I had to search it for hair, blood and saliva. As well as ordinary microscopes, they use powerful electron microscopes. They also use ultraviolet light to see traces of evidence like tiny fibres and spectrometers which identifty  chemicals. Their techniques are becoming more high-tech all the time. Well, this job definitely isn't for everyone. Some crime scenes can be very distressing, On the other hand, it's wonderful when a case has been solved and your evidence played a role in that. You get to help the community, and that's a great feeling. 
      I want to add historical part, so I want to tell about Agatha Christie. Agatha Christie was a famous English crime writer who is best known for her detective stories featuring Hercule Poirot and Miss Jane Marple. Agatha was born 1890 in the seaside town of Torquay) in Devon, England to an American father and an English mother. Her family was well-to-do and conservative and she was the youngest of three children. Although Agatha never attended school, she didn't have a lack of education. Agatha was a shy child and, having problems. When she was eleven, her father died and she became very close to her mother with whom she started to travel a lot. During the First World War, Agatha worked as a nurse in a hospital and it was during this time that Agatha Christie got the idea of writing a detective novel. The Mysterious Affair at Styles introduced the retired Belgian/ police officer, Hercule Poirot, to the world and was a great success. Following this, Agatha would write more than 30 novels featuring Poirot. In all she wrote over 66 novels, the most famous being Murder on the Orient Express, and according to the Guinness Book of records, Agatha Christie is the best-selling writer of her time with over four billion books sold throughout the world. In 1971, she was awarded the high honour of Dame of the British Empire beforé passing away peacefully 21st January.
       We usually use computer, so everyone can be hacked. Cyber crime is one of the baddest things in our time. In the UK hundreds of thousands of computers hacked every year. The people who do those attacks called crackers or hackers. They are very intelligent programmers. They use their skills to gain access, steal data, infect computers with a virus. To protect yourself against cybercrimers, you need to: 1. Choose a good nickname without personal information (age, name) 2. Choose a smart and difficult password. Don’t choose your date of birth. It should be good combination of words and numbers 3. Don’t open  any emails from unknown people. Just delete them. 4. Download anti-virus program. It will help you, it scans and delete the videos. It is the best way to protect yourself.
      Animals are unpredictable and can do really strange and funny things. Right now I want tell about some examples. That was unfortunate for one gang of burglars, when Jack, a pet shop's resident parrot, in Coventry, UK tuned out to be no friend of theirs. One night, the burglars broke into the shop and attempted to steal Jack along with other animals, but Jack scratched the thieves to pieces and through the back door. 
       That's quite a story. Well, in Egypt, a hungry donkey was actually sent to prison for stealing sweetcorn from a field It all started when the owner of an agricultural research institute noticed that he had had some of his crops stolen. The police set up a checkpoint to catch a thief, but caught a donkey munching the corn. 
 I read that a court in or Boston, USA, accidentally ordered a cat called Tabby Sal to jury service! Tabby Sal's owner wrote to the court to explain the mistake. Mrs Esposito said that Sal was a member of the family so she had put his name down on the last census form under 'pets'. 
         In the UK one of the most popular things is Neighbouthood watch.People often have to take security measures to protect their home and family against crime. In the UK, a citizens' movement, started in the nineteen-eighties, watches over and protects neighbourhoods throughout the country Neighbourhood Watch is the UK's largest voluntary and watching out for you and your neighbours' safety and organisation. Its objective is to prevent crime. It's primarily about keeping an eye on what's going on in the neighbourhood property. But it also tries to improve the quality of life in the community. In some communities, people come together to prevent burglaries. With the help of a local blacksmith they make all the homes in the neighbourhood more secure by installing better locks and alarm systems. In other neighbourhoods, people fight vandalism and other antisocial behaviour by providing young people with alternative activities. Since 1995, the Neighbourhood Watch Association has run the annual Neighbourhood Watch Awards. The awards give the millions of participants the opportunity to publicise their successes. 
         I want to finish with something positive. GraFFFest, The International Petersburg Graffiti Art Forum, is a new exciting and innovative art festival held in Saint Petersburg every summer. It is one of the few of its kind in Russia. The festival aims to promote street art and hopes to help people appreciate this growing art form. brings together a variety of graffiti artists. Artists and designers from all over the world create their graffiti masterpieces in the streets of the city and the best ones appear on a website after the festival. The artists usually work together as a group on a common piece of art on large wall somewhere in the city. The festival also organises many interesting events. There are hip-hop and other concerts in support of street art and documentaries and films about graffti are shown to the public. GraFFFest is a great festival that brings people together. 
          I believe that my text helped you. Thank you for reading. Protect yourself. Bye.

среда, 30 января 2019 г.

Final topic 5 module

During our lifetime we get many life experiences. Right now I want to tell you about some life experiences. I believe that it will be useful for you.

Annoying things
There are thousands of annoying things. For example: It always gets on people's nerves when people talk or laugh in cinema. It is  really easy to lose your temper of it. Bad table manners can get on people's nerves too. It is annoying when someone slurps.

Steven Marshall
Steven Marshall got the best experience, he visited and studied abroad, in Puebla, Mexico. At the moment he lives in Oregon, the USA and studies in Concordia University. That was a great experience for him. He chosen Mexico, because he learnt spanish for three years. Steven lived in host family. Mexicans are very warm and unusual people. During the first week hosts invited him for the dinner. He ate Mexican food firstly. It was hard to get used to the spicy food. After dinner Marshall relaxed on the afternoon siesta. next day he visited ancient Mexico’s citites and saw 16th century architecture. It was hard to struggle with the language. Also Steven had difficulty understanding social etiquette. Although Marshall liked his visit.

Social etiquette in UK
 Social etiquette in UK is the best example of etiquette in the world. If you are meeting someone for the first time,extend to say hello. Britons greet cach other with firm handshakes .Hugs are rare. Also, it is important to make eye contact while speaking with someone. When Brits ask how you are, they don't expect a long reply . Giving a thumbs up or okay sign are all positive gestures. Using your index finger to point at someone is impolite.In the UK, a smile is a sign of firiendliness and even politeness. Keep a distance of about half a metre from people, unless you are in a crowded place. Sharing a meal with Brits shouldn't be a stressful event. Make sure to arrive on time and if you must be late, call your host to apologise. Also, it is very important to keep your mouth closed while chewing. If you eat in a restaurant, expect to pay your waiter.

Change for a better
Everyone ha a chance to become better. For example Liz, who has shared the stage with world leaders like Mikhail Gorbachev and the Dalai Lama as an international speaker It's hard to believe that at the age of 16 she was homeless and sleeping on park benches and underground trains! Liz's parents were drug addicts and couldn't look after her and her sister. She says, "We ate ice cubes because it felt like eating. We split a tube of toothpaste between us for dinner."When their mother died, their father moved to a homeless shelter and Liz and her sister were out on the streets of New York. At this point, Liz decided to ry to turn her life around. She went back to school and through dedication and determination, she eventually won a scholarship to a top university, Since Liz graduated from Harvard in 2009, she has been speaking at events to teenagers about staying away from drugs and gangs. She wants them to understand that they can reach their goals whatever they have had to face in their lives.

Rite of passage
When my best friend Alisha first invited me to go with her to her cousin's wedding in India, I leapt at the chance. A wedding is very important to Hindus.  I wanted to see it for myself! That night was the Sangeet, the first night of the wedding celebrations. The garden at the bride's house colour of its buildings was full of brightly-coloured decorations and women wearing beautiful multi-coloured saris.  I really enjoyed watching the modern Bollywood dances. Later, Alisha and her relatives taught me some dance steps for the wedding ceremony the following day! On the morning of the wedding, Alisha surprised me with a gift.  The groom arrived wearing white and riding a white horse with a marching band closely following him. It was a spectacular entrance, but it was nothing compared to the bride! She was wearing a magnificent sari of red and gold velvet with stunning gold jewellery. Then the bride and groom sat under a mandap, a decorated tent with a small fire in the middle. During the ceremony, they seemed to be doing lots of different symbolic things like walking around the fire or exchanging flower garlands. After the ceremony, we ate lots of traditional Indiarn dishes-the ones inside banana leaves were my favourite! Then, it was time for more dancing. I have experienced a traditional Indian wedding. It was like being at the fairytale wedding of an Indian prince and princess!

Body talk

Our body can tell many things about us. For example.
BLUSH
Your body releases adrenalin which increases the blood flow to your face. You only blush when you become aware of other people's thoughts and feelings.
HICCUP
We get hiccups when something irritates the diaphragm muscle below it. When we eat or drink too.
SNEEZING
When something such as dust, pollen or a virus imtabes the inside of our nose, a message goes to the brain.
SNORE
When you are asleep and air can't move freely through your mouth or nose, parts of your mouth and throat vibrate and cause snoring.
YAWN
Theory is that when you're tred or bored you don't breathe as deeply as usual, so yawning helps you to take more oxygen into the blood.
COUGH
cough is a push iportant to way clearing your arways throat and lungs of infection. When you cough, you breathe in and close your vocal cords.

Ivan Kupala day

The sun is wonderful.It's the giver of life' and all living things on Earth depend on the energy that comes from it.It isn't surprising then that people have always celebrated the sun.In Russia, people honour the sun on Midsummer Day, or Ivan Kupala.They dance around bonfire and jum and fun holiday filled with a variety of rites and over them.The person who jumps the highest in ceremonies connected with water, fire, and plants believed to be the happiest.In the past, many the evening before ivan Kupala Day, people look people thought that on this night, the shortest one through their gardens or wander around forested areas of the year, evil spirits came out and so they would looking for fem flowers.People believe that these stay up all nightperforming difterent rites to kee lowers only bloom for a few moments on the the evil spirits away of the summer solstice.Legend also has it hat when the fen flower blossoms, you can see all the treasures of the Earth.ancient, Finding a fern flower thought to bring prosperity to the lucky finder.
I told you about those life experiences. Thank you for reading.

воскресенье, 23 декабря 2018 г.

Final topic 4 module

Everyone wants to have a healthy mind and body. I want it too and have some ideas and examples to make dreams of millions come true.

How would you cope without modern gadgets? What would you do if you didn't have your mobile phone, your MP3 player, or your games console? Believe it or not, you might be better off. 
For example when you make the same motion again and again in a confined space, repeated arm motions can cause strain to your shoulder. Secondly Earphones play the music directly into your ear canal.  High volume can cause hearing loss. Third thing is that too much texting can cause thumb arthritis. This can lead to restriction of movement, swelling, and pain. After that I want to tell you that  mobile phone is full of bacteria. When you press it against your face and ear, it can lead to skin problems such as acne, skin infections and rashes. Finally I want to tell that computers are useful tools for research and entertainment. However, staring at a computer screen for an extended period time can cause eye strain. Some of the symptoms include blurred vision, dry eyes and a difficulty distinguishing between colors. Be careful and try to save yourself rom that. For example you can take frequent breaks, set the volume. 

Today you can buy medicines in every shop, but a lot of people prefer home remedies. For example:
GARLIC
  If you have a cold or the flu, you can add chopped garlic to hot water with a little honey and lemon and make some tea. 
 VINEGAR 
 It's great for minor cuts or itchy rashes. Also you could try adding one cup of white vinegar to a cool bath. This will soothe your skin. 
HONEY 
Like garlic, honey helps destroy bacteria. If you have a cut or a graze, just put a little honey on it and cover it with a plaster. It might help you with insomnia, too. Drinking a glass of warm milk with some honey in it can help you sleep.
TEA
During the headache you can Boil some water and make yourself a nice cup of tea! The caffeine in the tea will open up the constricted blood vessels that cause a headache.
 BAKING SODA
If you have smelly feet, sprinkle some baking soda in your shoes and have odour-free feet all day long. Baking soda is a great natural anti- perspirant. 
GINGER
  When you have an upset stomach,you could try chewing a piece of ginger. You can also do this before a journey if you suffer from travel sickness Ginger may also help you if you have bad breath.


Next I want to tell about dangerous animals in Australia.

Spiders 
Australia has some of the most dangerous spiders in the world. The dark-coloured funnel- web spider is one of the most poisonous. Its teeth are so strong that it can even bite through a shoe! If one bites you, you need anti-venin very quickly. Another scary spider is the redback with the red stripe on its back. It hides in backyards and sometimes homes, Redback spider lives all over Australia  and it can give a very nasty bite causing horrible pain.
  Sea creatures
 Watch out for Australia's many dangerous sea creatures. Especially the box jellyfish. It's almost invisible to swimmers and has caused more deaths than snakes, sharks and crocodiles put together. Each of its 3-metre-long tentacles has 500,000 needles for injecting venom into victims. Although it's very small, the blue- ringed octopus is also deadly! This pretty octopus lives in rock pools and has enough venom to kill 10 men. Watch out for the 6-metre- long salt- water crocodile, too. They can go 240 km inland or out into the ocean and attack anything that moves, even sharks!
Snakes
 The ten most poisonous snakes in the world all live in Australia! The inland taipan is the most dangerous in the world and its venom is 50 times stronger than an Indian Cobra's. Th eastern brown snake is a long (up to 1.8 metres!), fast-moving snake and the second most dangerous in the world.


After that I want to tell about French Spider man

While no one is looking, Frenchman Alain Robert jumps up an office building and starts to climb the wall. He hangs from balconies, crawls along ledges and grips the edges of the glass and concrete.  He is using only his bare hands! Alain has climbed over 85 of the tallest structures in the world, including the Eiffel Tower, the Empire State Building and the Petronas Twin Towers in Malaysia. One of his first climbs was at the age of twelve. Also Alain suffers from vertigo he feels dizzy when he is up high! He has fallen seven times, suffering dozens of broken bones, which has left him partly disabled. Apart from raising awareness about world issues such as climate change, Alain wants people to see their environment differently. What he does is sometimes illegal, but most of the time he just gets a fine. The police say he can't climb public buildings, but the only thing that stops this daredevil is rain! When it's wet, Alain can't grip the slippery surfaces. In 2002, he got stuck on the 35th floor of London's Canary Wharf Tower when it started to rain.  He is just an ordinary man living a very dangerous life! You can see videos of Alain in action on YouTube.

Let’s continue with information about phobias.


 People can have either common phobias, like a fear of insects, needles and the dark, or some very strange ones indeed! Vicki Larrieux's fear of vegetables, for example - lachanophobia - makes a trip to the supermarket a nightmare. There are many other cases of odd phobias such as ablutophobia (fear of washing), anthophobia (fear of flowers), catoptrophobia (fear of mirrors) and even obophobia. (the fear of phobias themselves) Some of these fears might sound ridiculous to you, but to a person who suffers from them, they are very real. 
our brain sends signals to pump adrenalin around our body. Our heart beats faster, our skin sweats to keep us cool and our muscles tense so that we are ready to escape the danger. When someone suffers from a phobia however, the danger is mostly in their minds. Maybe someone who i afraid of bees, for instance, once got badly stung by a bee. Their brain now remembers the experience and triggers a fear reaction every time they see a bee, or sometimes even just a photo of a bee. So what's the solution for someone who has phobia?  It's much better for the person to try to face their fear . A person who is afraid of dogs, for example, could start by looking at a photo of a dog. In time, the phobia will disappear for good.

Before the final part I want to tell you about the sleep. That is really important for teenagers.

 When we sleep, our body temperature drops, our heart rate and other bodily functions slow down, but our brains stay very active. What are the different stages? There are four different stages of sleep that repeat every 90 to 110 minutes. Stages N1 and N2 are light sleep and we can easily wake up. In stage N3, we sleep more deeply and it's harder to wake up.  The last stage is REM sleep. Our eyes move around our brain is very active, and we have a lot of dreams. Why do we need sleep? While we sleep, our brain sorts through information, replaces chemicals, repairs cells, and solves problems. Lack of sleep seriously affects our mind and body. When we don't rest enough. we may feel grumpy, forgetful and unable to concentrate. Lack of sleep can also affect our immune system. Over a long time, it may cause depression and personality changes and eventually even shorten our life. How much sleep do we need? It's different for everyone, but on average, babies need 16 to 18 hours of sleep, teenagers about 9 and adults about 7 to 8.

Finally I want to tell about the main Russian tradition - Banya.

People have always enjoyed bathing, not only as a way to keep clean but also to relax. The ancient Greeks and Romans built elaborate and expensive bathhouses in their cities all over the world. Russian people enjoy bathing and the banya, or steam bath, is a very old and popular tradition in Russian culture. Even today, almost every village and town in Russia has its own banya. People usually have at least three rooms; an entrance, a washing room, and a steam room. The steam room is called the parilka. It has rows of benches, a stove with very hot stones in it, and large buckets of water. Bathers take a ladle of hot water and pour it on the stones,filling the room with hot, dry steam. Bathers immediately begin to sweat and relax as the steam opens up the pores in their skin. Russian people often hit themselves with bunches of dried branches and leaves from white birch to improve blood circulation. They also wear special hats to protect their head from intense heat. The banya helps remove toxins from the body, relieves stress, and may even prevent and heal a number of illnesses. 

I believe that those ideas could help you. Health of mind and body are important. Protect yourself……...